A symbol Interactionism
Due to the fact womanliness was devalued into the North american society, those who adopt particularly attributes are subject to ridicule; this is especially true to possess boys otherwise men. Exactly as manliness is the a symbol norm, so also have heterosexuality arrived at signify normalcy.
The new enjoy out of gender and you will sexual outsiders – homosexuals, bisexuals, transsexuals, women who do not search otherwise work “female,” dudes who do not browse otherwise operate “masculine,” etcetera. – show new understated dramaturgical order out-of social process and you will deals courtesy hence the gender name try sustained and you will acquiesced by anybody else. From a great symbolic interactionist direction, “passing” as the a great “normal” heterosexual hinges on a person’s sexual signs and you can props becoming obtained and you will translated by the anyone else since passable.
The latest upcoming-away means of homosexuals was described from the Vivienne Cass because the a good series of social degrees that the private are required to discuss with others (Devor, 1997): basic, a time period of identity misunderstandings where in fact the individual tries to deny or fighting the latest expanding suspicion that they are homosexual; second, a time period of term comparison in which the person examines the newest a number of readily available name choices to come across which teaches you the sense of mind best; 3rd, a period of label threshold where in fact the person understands “We probably was gay” and you may aims aside additional info and you can connections; last, a period of name welcome in which the person cautiously takes care of sexual recommendations or says social acknowledgment of their sexual term; 5th, a period of name pride where in actuality the individual makes reference to firmly employing resource class and you may minimizes the value of other people; and you can 6th, a period of label synthesis where person’s sexuality was naturalized, to be “zero fuss.” However the fresh transition ranging from such levels Povezano mjesto isn’t preset, and is you’ll be able to to stay trapped in one phase otherwise even to go backwards. To the homosexual, these types of changes was fraught with problem.
About what studies does an identical process affect heterosexuals? Whilst concept of being released because the a great heterosexual, otherwise as a masculine man or an elegant lady, may seem ridiculous, so it absurdity was grounded regarding the norms from heteronormative people that are so profoundly established regarding cause them to become appear natural. The new social procedure out of obtaining an effective gender and you will sexual term, or away from “having” a good gender or an excellent sexuality, is simply the exact same; but really, the levels to which area allows the new resulting identities is really what changes.
Interactionists also are in search of how talks from homosexuals will focus almost exclusively on sex lifetime of gays and you will lesbians; homosexuals, especially men, can be assumed are hypersexual and you will, sometimes, deviant. Interactionism may possibly concentrate on the slurs regularly identify homosexuals. Labels particularly “queen” and “fag” are often used to demean homosexual guys of the feminizing them. Which after that affects exactly how homosexuals understand themselves. Keep in mind Cooley’s “looking-glass thinking,” which implies one to thinking grows down to one’s interpretation and you will review of the answers away from others (Cooley, 1902). Ongoing contact with derogatory names, humor, and you may pervasive homophobia carry out result in a poor care about-picture, otherwise bad, self-hate. The fresh CDC profile you to homosexual youths exactly who sense highest degrees of societal getting rejected was six times very likely to enjoys high membership regarding anxiety and seven minutes expected to has actually attempted suicide (CDC, 2011).
Queer Theory
Queer concept is actually a view one to problematizes the manner in which we’re taught to think of sexual positioning. From the contacting their discipline “queer,” this type of students try rejecting the results out-of labelling; as an alternative, it accept the term “queer” and just have reclaimed it because of their own objectives. Queer theorists refuse the brand new dominant gender schema additionally the dichotomization of sexual orientations with the a few collectively private effects, homosexual otherwise heterosexual. Instead, the brand new angle highlights the need for an even more flexible and you can liquid conceptualization out of sexuality – one that allows transform, settlement, and you can versatility. The modern outline accustomed classify somebody since either “heterosexual” or “homosexual” pits one orientation contrary to the most other. It mirrors most other oppressive schemas within our society, especially those nearby gender and competition (Black colored in place of Light, male as opposed to feminine).